Arnavutluk’un Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB) \u00fcyelik s\u00fcreci en kritik a\u015famas\u0131na girerken, \u00fclke Avrupa yolculu\u011funun ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan bu yana en \u00f6nemli ilerlemeyi kaydetti. \u00dcyelik ba\u015fvurusunun yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden 17 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcre ge\u00e7mesinin ard\u0131ndan Arnavutluk, m\u00fczakere ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7may\u0131 ba\u015fararak tarama ve m\u00fczakere a\u015famas\u0131ndan, bu ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n kademeli olarak kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00fcrecine ge\u00e7ti. Bu geli\u015fme, Arnavutluk ile Avrupa Birli\u011fi ili\u015fkilerinde tarihi bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilirken, \u00fclke ilk kez \u00fcyelik s\u00fcrecinin son a\u015famas\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n
Arnavutluk’un Avrupa Birli\u011fi’ne \u00fcyelik yolculu\u011fu resmen 28 Nisan 2009 tarihinde \u00fcyelik ba\u015fvurusunun yap\u0131lmas\u0131yla ba\u015flad\u0131. Be\u015f y\u0131l sonra, Haziran 2014’te \u00fclkeye aday \u00fclke stat\u00fcs\u00fc verildi. Bu karar, Arnavutluk’un Avrupa perspektifini teyit ederken, siyasi, ekonomik ve kurumsal reformlarda kaydedilen ilerlemeyi de ortaya koydu. Ancak Mart 2020’ye kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre\u00e7te Avrupa Birli\u011fi Konseyi, Arnavutluk ile \u00fcyelik m\u00fczakerelerinin ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verdi.<\/p>\n
M\u00fczakereler resmen 19 Temmuz 2022’de Br\u00fcksel’de d\u00fczenlenen Birinci H\u00fck\u00fcmetleraras\u0131 Konferans ile ba\u015flad\u0131. Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde, Arnavutluk mevzuat\u0131n\u0131n AB m\u00fcktesebat\u0131 (acquis communautaire<\/em>) ile uyum d\u00fczeyini de\u011ferlendirmeyi ama\u00e7layan ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 tarama (screening) s\u00fcreci de ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcm Arnavut kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu teknik s\u00fcre\u00e7, m\u00fczakere ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n Arnavutluk ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta bu s\u00fcreci Kuzey Makedonya ile birlikte y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc. Ancak 2023 ve 2024 y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle \u00dcsk\u00fcp’teki anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikliklerine ili\u015fkin siyasi t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131klar nedeniyle iki \u00fclkenin \u00fcyelik s\u00fcreci birbirinden ayr\u0131ld\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Arnavutluk, m\u00fczakerelerini kendi takvimine g\u00f6re s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme ve m\u00fczakere k\u00fcmelerinin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rma imk\u00e2n\u0131 elde etti.<\/p>\n S\u00fcre\u00e7teki \u00f6nemli d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktalar\u0131ndan biri, 15 Ekim 2024’te “Temeller” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 1. K\u00fcme’nin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 oldu. Hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, demokratik kurumlar\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015fi, kamu y\u00f6netimi reformu, yarg\u0131 sistemi, yolsuzlukla m\u00fccadele, temel haklar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve ekonomik y\u00f6neti\u015fim gibi alanlar\u0131 kapsayan bu k\u00fcme, AB’nin yeni geni\u015fleme metodolojisi kapsam\u0131nda ilk a\u00e7\u0131lan ve en son kapat\u0131lan m\u00fczakere k\u00fcmesi olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131yor. Bu nedenle m\u00fczakerelerin genel seyrinin en \u00f6nemli g\u00f6stergesi olarak kabul ediliyor.<\/p>\n Takip eden aylarda m\u00fczakere s\u00fcreci h\u0131z kazand\u0131. Aral\u0131k 2024’te d\u0131\u015f politika, g\u00fcvenlik ve savunmay\u0131 kapsayan “D\u0131\u015f \u0130li\u015fkiler” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 6. K\u00fcme a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Nisan 2025’te “\u0130\u00e7 Pazar” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 2. K\u00fcme, May\u0131s 2026’da ise “Rekabet\u00e7ilik ve Kapsay\u0131c\u0131 B\u00fcy\u00fcme” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 3. K\u00fcme m\u00fczakerelere dahil edildi. Bu d\u00f6nemde Avrupa Komisyonu, Arnavutluk’un \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlardaki ilerlemesini olumlu de\u011ferlendirerek m\u00fczakerelerin h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f takvimle s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesini tavsiye etti.<\/p>\n S\u00fcrecin zirve noktas\u0131 ise 14 Temmuz 2026’da d\u00fczenlenen Be\u015finci Arnavutluk\u2013AB H\u00fck\u00fcmetleraras\u0131 Konferans\u0131’nda ya\u015fand\u0131. Arnavutluk, 33 m\u00fczakere ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7arak m\u00fczakerelerin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 resmen tamamlad\u0131. B\u00f6ylece s\u00fcre\u00e7te odak noktas\u0131, yeni ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131ndan mevcut ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6nce ge\u00e7ici, ard\u0131ndan nihai olarak kapat\u0131lmas\u0131na kayd\u0131.<\/p>\n Arnavutluk bug\u00fcne kadar \u00fc\u00e7 m\u00fczakere ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7ici olarak kapatt\u0131. Bunlar “Bilim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma”, “E\u011fitim ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr” ile “D\u0131\u015f \u0130li\u015fkiler” ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 oldu. Ge\u00e7ici kapatma, Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nin ilgili alanlarda Arnavutluk’un mevzuat\u0131 ve kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 AB standartlar\u0131yla uyumlu g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc anlam\u0131na geliyor. Ancak ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmas\u0131 halinde bu ba\u015fl\u0131klar \u00fcyelik s\u00fcreci tamamlanmadan \u00f6nce yeniden a\u00e7\u0131labilecek.<\/p>\n AB \u00fcyelik m\u00fczakereleri, alt\u0131 tematik k\u00fcme alt\u0131nda toplanan toplam 33 ba\u015fl\u0131ktan olu\u015fuyor. Bu ba\u015fl\u0131klar; adalet, ekonomi, i\u00e7 pazar, rekabet\u00e7ilik, tar\u0131m, \u00e7evre, enerji, ula\u015ft\u0131rma, sosyal politikalar, dijitalle\u015fme ve d\u0131\u015f ili\u015fkiler gibi bir\u00e7ok alan\u0131 kaps\u0131yor. Arnavutluk’un her ba\u015fl\u0131kta yaln\u0131zca mevzuat\u0131n\u0131 AB hukukuyla uyumlu hale getirmesi de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda bu kurallar\u0131 etkin bi\u00e7imde uygulamas\u0131 da gerekiyor. Avrupa Birli\u011fi, aday \u00fclkelerin ilerlemesini esas olarak reformlar\u0131n fiilen uygulanmas\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendiriyor.<\/p>\n Avrupa Birli\u011fi kurumlar\u0131, Arnavutluk’un kaydetti\u011fi ilerlemeyi desteklemekle birlikte, geni\u015fleme s\u00fcrecinin tamamen liyakat esas\u0131na dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulamay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Buna g\u00f6re her m\u00fczakere ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ancak gerekli kriterler yerine getirildi\u011finde kapat\u0131labilecek. S\u00fcre\u00e7te \u00f6zellikle hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, yarg\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yolsuzluk ve organize su\u00e7la m\u00fccadele, kamu y\u00f6netimi reformu ile temel haklar\u0131n korunmas\u0131na \u00f6zel \u00f6nem veriliyor.<\/p>\n 33 m\u00fczakere ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131yla Arnavutluk, Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fcyelik s\u00fcrecinin en yo\u011fun ve en zorlu d\u00f6nemine girmi\u015f bulunuyor. Bundan sonraki temel hedef, yeni ba\u015fl\u0131klar a\u00e7mak de\u011fil; reformlar\u0131 uygulamak, kurumlar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek ve t\u00fcm alanlarda Avrupa standartlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak olacak. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n kademeli olarak kapat\u0131lmas\u0131, Arnavutluk’un stratejik hedefi olan Avrupa Birli\u011fi’ne tam \u00fcyeli\u011fe ne h\u0131zla yakla\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirleyecek.<\/p>\n \/ Aida Vishko \/\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Arnavutluk’un Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB) \u00fcyelik s\u00fcreci en kritik a\u015famas\u0131na girerken, \u00fclke Avrupa yolculu\u011funun ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan bu yana en \u00f6nemli ilerlemeyi kaydetti. \u00dcyelik ba\u015fvurusunun yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden 17 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcre ge\u00e7mesinin ard\u0131ndan Arnavutluk, m\u00fczakere ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7may\u0131 ba\u015fararak tarama ve m\u00fczakere a\u015famas\u0131ndan, bu ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n kademeli olarak kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00fcrecine ge\u00e7ti. Bu geli\u015fme, Arnavutluk ile Avrupa Birli\u011fi ili\u015fkilerinde tarihi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":39757,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59700","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rtsh.al\/rti\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59700","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rtsh.al\/rti\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rtsh.al\/rti\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rtsh.al\/rti\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rtsh.al\/rti\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59700"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/rtsh.al\/rti\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59700\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":59701,"href":"https:\/\/rtsh.al\/rti\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59700\/revisions\/59701"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rtsh.al\/rti\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39757"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rtsh.al\/rti\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59700"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rtsh.al\/rti\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59700"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rtsh.al\/rti\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59700"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}