Shaban Demiraj (1920–2014) was an Albanian albanologist, linguist, professor at the University of Tirana from 1972–1990, and chairman of the Academy of Sciences of Albania during the period of 1993-1997.

Demiraj was born on 1 January 1920 in Vlora. Despite financial difficulties and the lack of academic institutions in Albania, he managed to study and learn Latin, ancient Greek, and the major European languages. After finishing the Madrasa in Tirana in 1939, he studied Albanian language in the two-year curriculum Pedagogical Institute, branch of Albanian language and literature (1946–1948), and later in the High Pedagogical Institute (1954–1955). During 1948–1954 he worked as language and literature teacher in various high schools in Gjirokastër and Tirana. In 1954, he started working as a lector in the same High Pedagogical Institute from where he graduated, and later in the University of Tirana (UT), holding that position until 1990. During 1962–1989, he was in charge of the Albanian language chair, and in the period 1962–1966 he served as deputy dean of the Faculty of History and Philology of the UT.
His areas of expertise were: the morphology of modern Albanian, Albanian historical grammar, the history of the Albanian writing (18th–19th centuries), and a special course on Balkan linguistics. In 1989 he became member of the Albanian Academy of Sciences, and was its chairman during 1993–97. Beside his research publications, Demiraj also published many scientific articles inside Albania and abroad on topics as history of the Albanian language, grammar and phonetics, and Balkanology. He has transcribed and adapted the work of Gavril Dara “Kënga e sprasme e Balës” (The last song of Bala) in 1994. He also worked as a translator, having produced the Albanian edition of Martin Eden, a novel by Jack London, in 1959.

Shaban Demiraj was an elite scientific authority, one of the most prominent representatives of the field of linguistics inside and outside Albania. He brought great value to the Albanian, but also the Balkan, linguistic science through many monumental works, among which: “Historical grammar of the Albanian language”, “Albanian language and its history”, “Epirus, the Pelasgians, the Etruscans and the Albanians”, ” The historical phonology of the Albanian language”, “The origin of the Albanians in the light of the evidence of the Albanian language”, “The Balkan language”, etc.
Demiraj was part of the committee that organized the Orthography Congress of 1972, where the orthographic rules of the Albanian language were standardized, and he was also a signatory to the orthography.