TIRANA, November 22 — Albania celebrates Albanian Alphabet Day every year on 22 November. This day commemorates one of the most important events in Albanian cultural and national history. Specifically, it marks the Congress of Manastir, which took place from 14 to 22 November 1908. Overall, it represents the moment of cultural unification for Albanians.

The Congress took place in Manastir, now Bitola in North Macedonia. Delegates gathered in the house of Fehim Zavalani, which today serves as the Museum of the Albanian Alphabet. Fifty delegates attended. They came from twenty-six cities and various Albanian associations. In addition, eighteen observers followed the proceedings. Therefore, the Congress reflected a wide representation from patriotic clubs and intellectual circles across Albanian regions.

At the start, Mit’hat Frashëri presided over the Congress. Luigj Gurakuqi and Gjergji Qiriazi served as vice chairs. Other prominent delegates included Gjergj Fishta, Ndre Mjeda, Sotir Peci, Parashqevi Qiriazi, the only woman participant, and Fehim Zavalani. During the opening speech, the importance of creating a unique alphabet was emphasized. This step linked linguistic unity with the promotion of national education.

After several days of discussion and analysis, the Congress approved a Latin-based alphabet adapted for Albanian. The decision reflected the phonetic characteristics of the language. Consequently, it strengthened written communication. It also encouraged broader use of the Albanian language among communities.

As a result, the unified alphabet played a key role in spreading the Albanian language. It supported the growth of national literature. Moreover, it laid the foundation for the Declaration of Independence on 28 November 1912. Recognizing its significance, Albania declared the day an official holiday in 2023. That year marked the first national celebration. The day is also observed in Kosova, North Macedonia, and the Albanian diaspora, highlighting its wider importance.

In addition, the Museum of the Albanian Alphabet in Manastir preserves fifty-six photographs of Congress participants. It also holds 230 historical documents in both digital and physical form. As a result, the museum serves as a symbolic center for Albanians. Researchers, historians, and visitors frequently explore its exhibits.

Ultimately, the Congress of Manastir and the adoption of a unified alphabet symbolize the Albanian effort to preserve national identity. They also illustrate the country’s path toward modernization.

Albanian Alphabet Day provides an opportunity to reflect on the value of language. It underscores the role of education in safeguarding national culture. Therefore, the day continues to inspire pride for current and future generations.

/RTI/